Our People
Aaron Cosbey
Senior Associate
Aaron Cosbey is a development economist with over 25 years of experience in the areas of trade, investment and sustainable development. His work cuts across a number of IISD program areas, with emphasis on climate change and energy, trade and investment law and policy, mining, subsidies and green industrial policy.
Aaron is actively involved with many sustainable development-related networks, including Global Affairs Canada’s Environmental Assessment Advisory Group the Green Growth Knowledge Network’s Trade and Competitiveness Research Committee; and the T20 Task Force on Climate Change and Environment. He has served on International Trade Canada's Market Access Advisory Group; the Deputy Minister for International Trade’s Academic Advisory Council on Canadian Trade Policy; the Canadian Minister for International Trade’s Environmental Sectoral Advisory Group on International Trade, where he chaired the SAGIT’s Working Group on the FTAA; the UN Tripartite Panel of Experts to the Second Preparatory Committee Meeting for Rio +20; and the CEC’s Expert Panel on Environmental Impacts of NAFTA.
Aaron has also served on the Advisory Board of the International Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy, the Review Board of the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (Islamabad), and the Expert Group on Clean Energy and the Multilateral Trading System of ICTSD’s E15 initiative. He has acted as a consultant to a wide variety of governments and institutions on the issues of trade, investment, climate change and sustainable development, including the (former) Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, the Canadian International Development Agency, the Centre for International Governance Innovation, the Commonwealth Secretariat, Environment Canada, European University Institute, the Inter-American Development Bank, Canada’s National Round Table on Environment and Economy, the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Development Programme, UN Environment, UN Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the World Bank.
-
Green Strings: Principles and conditions for a green recovery from COVID-19 in CanadaEndorsed by Canada's leading environmental groups, this paper sets out seven "green strings" recommendations: key principles, criteria and conditionalities to apply to government measures to ensure a green recovery from COVID-19. -
We May Be in Uncharted Waters, But We Aren’t Lost at SeaWhen the financial crisis of 2008 hit, governments around the world began structuring stimulus plans. We can learn a lot by looking back at how effective these turned out to be. -
Doubling Down on Alberta's Oil and Gas Sector Is a Risk Canadians Can’t Afford to TakeThere's no question that people across Alberta need urgent help. But is injecting tens of billions into oil and gas corporations the right kind of help? -
Global Economic Governance Through the Lens of Inequality and Sustainable Development: Meeting Report This meeting report was developed following a one-day workshop held in Geneva, Switzerland, on September 13, 2019, on the subjects of global economic governance, income inequality and sustainable development. -
Seven ways new technology will impact the mining sectorMore consultation, in-country study and analysis will be needed to determine the best policy options to address the challenges posed by new technology in the mining sector. -
Local Content Policies in the Mining Sector: Scaling up local procurementThis paper focuses on local procurement policies designed to boost the number of goods and services purchased by mining operations from local stakeholders. -
Weighing up the Environmental Cooperation Agreement under the Canada-United States-Mexico AgreementTrade agreements can have important environmental effects. We take a look at what’s old, what’s new and what’s noteworthy in the Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement when it comes to the environment. -
IGF Guidance for Governments: Local content policiesThis new IGF guidance document aims to help resource-rich countries find more sustainable and inclusive economic solutions, fostering stronger linkages between mineral resources and the rest of the economy. -
The Coming EVolution of Road TransportThe transition to electric vehicles will cripple long-entrenched markets and create new ones; it will challenge economic and social systems to adapt at uncomfortable speeds and will be accompanied by significant shifts in geopolitical power and relations. -
Message to Argentina: Inclusiveness makes better policyArgentina just revoked the credentials of more than 60 civil society participants for the WTO’s 11th Ministerial Conference. Aaron Cosbey explains why this is a bad idea. -
Investment Treaty News Quarterly (ITN), Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2017Investment Treaty News is IISD’s flagship quarterly journal on international investment law and policy. -
Can Investor-State Dispute Settlement Be Good for the Environment?Renewable energy investors have been using investor-state dispute settlement mechanisms to fight cuts to subsidies in Europe, but this short-term gain may hinder states in their broader pursuit of environmental objectives like addressing climate change and pollution. -
As U.S. and Canadian Climate Policies Diverge, How Do We Ensure Canada’s Competitiveness?With relatively new administrations on both sides of the border, the United States and Canada have staked out opposing views on climate change. That has environmentalists and businesses worried. This has potentially damaging consequences for Canada’s trade competitiveness. -
As Mines Become More Automated, What Happens to the Social Licence to Operate?We recently examined the impact of this automation on local spending and employment. Our aim was to determine the impact on economic development in host states and, by extension, the mines’ social licence to operate. -
Mining a Mirage? Reassessing the shared-value paradigm in light of the technological advances in the mining sectorThis report uses real-world mining data to estimate the impacts of new technologies on employment and employment-related procurement, which drive major benefits in host countries. -
Fort McMurray Fires: A reminder that we need to prepare for the impacts of climate changeFort McMurray can be a wake up call—a touchstone that reminds us how critically important it is to invest in preparing for (and even preventing) the next event, and all those that will follow. -
Trans-Pacific Partnership's Environment Chapter: How does it measure up?For trade policy junkies, Christmas this year arrived on November 5th. That’s the day the... -
IISD Expert Series: Aaron Cosbey Aaron Cosbey is an environmental economist specializing in the areas of trade and sustainable... -
Investment Treaty News Quarterly, Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2015In this issue:State Regulatory Autonomy and Tobacco Control in International Trade and Investment... -
Public Consultation on Updating the Policy Framework for Investment: Submission by the International Institute for Sustainable DevelopmentThe Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is updating its Policy... -
Bilateral Investment Treaties, Mining and National Champions: Making it workThe past decade has seen a surge of national and regional efforts to re-envision the role of... -
The Green Goods Agreement: Neither green nor good?In January 2014, 14 World Trade Organization members met on the sideline of a World Economic... -
Green Industrial Policy and the World Trading System Drawing on the extensive industrial policy literature, this paper highlights some of the key... -
The Cost of Carbon Pricing: Competitiveness implications for the mining and metals industryThis report, commissioned by the International Council for Mining and Metals (ICMM), assesses how... -
Competitiveness Implications for Mining and MetalsThis paper, commissioned by the International Council on Mining and Metals, is an initial step in... -
A Guide for the Concerned: Guidance on the elaboration and implementation of border carbon adjustmentWhen governments take strong unilateral action on climate change, they will always consider... -
Big Green Gaps: Our inability to tackle the messy issues at the interface of trade, development and the green economyThis address to UNCTAD's 49th Trade and Development Board explores what Rio + 20 failed to do:... -
International Public Finance for Climate-friendly Investment: Vehicles, availability, and governanceSustainable development at its heart is an investment problem—a challenge to replace... -
Investment Treaties and Why They Matter to Sustainable Development: Questions and answersThis handbook focuses on international treaties that guarantee standards of treatment for foreign... -
Agriculture and Trade in the Climate Change NegotiationsWhile there is widespread agreement on the potential benefits of bringing agriculture into an... -
Agriculture in an International Climate Change AgreementAgriculture's profile in the international climate change negotiations has grown, and there is... -
TRI-CC Conference - Aaron Cosbey (2011)Cosbey discusses the similarity between the roots of the climate and trade multilateral impasses,... -
Border Carbon Adjustments: What Risk for South African Exporters?This policy brief, based on a longer analysis prepared by the IISD for South African Renewable... -
Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication - Enabling Conditions Supporting the Transition to a Global Green EconomyUnited Nations Environment Programme's Green Economy Initiative, in collaboration with economists... -
Environmental Goods and Services Negotiations at the WTO: Lessons from multilateral environmental agreements and ecolabels for breaking the impasseThis analysis looks for paths to progress in the WTO's stalled negotiations on environmental... -
Climate Change and International Investment Agreements: Obstacles or opportunities?Climate change presents a challenge unprecedented in human history. In November 2007, the... -
Sustainable China Trade: A Conceptual FrameworkOver the last 20 years, Chinese policy makers have been burdened with the proverbial curse: to... -
Border Carbon Adjustment: Questions and Answers (But More of the Former)Those countries that are set to take strong action to address climate change will worry that... -
China's Electrical Power Sector, Environmental Protection and Sustainable TradeThis paper considers China's electrical power sector and asks what changes the country might... -
Options for Policy-Makers: Addressing Competitiveness, Leakage and Climate ChangeThis paper presents the options policy-makers have when addressing competitiveness and leakage... -
A Sustainable Development Roadmap for the WTOThe impasse in the Doha negotiations offers both grounds for concern about the current regime's... -
Border Carbon Adjustment and Free Allowances: Responding to Competitiveness and Leakage ConcernsCompetitiveness and leakage concerns arise when countries implement climate change policies and... -
Market Mechanisms for Sustainable Development in a Post-2012 Climate Regime: Implications for the Development DividendThere is broad consensus in the international talks on a post-2012 climate change regime on the... -
Embodied Carbon in Traded GoodsThis paper looks at the concept of embodied carbon in traded goods, asking how it might change... -
Clean Energy InvestmentThis paper looks at ways to foster increased flows of investment, both domestic and foreign, into... -
Border Carbon AdjustmentThis paper looks at border carbon adjustment—a trade measure that has been proposed to address... -
Clean Energy Investment: Policymakers' SummaryThis is a summary of a longer report (PDF - 1.1 mb), which synthesizes the lessons learned over a... -
Clean Energy Investment: Project synthesis reportThis report synthesizes the lessons learned over a year's study of the barriers and opportunities... -
Furthering EU Objectives on Climate Change and Clean Energy: Building Partnerships with Major Developing Economies The European Union has demonstrated resolve to remain at the forefront of global efforts to... -
Trade Policy Tools and Instruments for Addressing Climate Change and Sustainable DevelopmentThis paper was written as the second of a pair of background papers to the Trade Ministers'... -
Trade and Climate Change LinkagesThis paper was written as the first of a pair of background papers to the Trade Ministers'... -
Rapid Trade and Environment Assessment (RTEA): National Report for Lao PDRThis report presents the results of the Rapid Trade and Environment Assessment (RTEA), which... -
Rapid Trade and Environment Assessment (RTEA): National Report for ThailandThis report presents the results of the Rapid Trade and Environment Assessment (RTEA), which... -
Brave New Deal? Assessing the May 10th U.S. Bipartisan Compact on Free Trade AgreementsOn May 10 2007, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Ways and Means Committee Chairman Charles Rangel,... -
Market Mechanisms for Sustainable Development: How Do They Fit in the Various Post-2012 Climate Efforts?This new report, developed under IISD's Development Dividend Project, takes a first step at... -
Trade and Environment: A Resource BookTrade and environment policy is increasingly intertwined and the stakes are nearly always high in... -
Climate Change, Competitiveness and TradeFrom the outset the Kyoto Protocol and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change... -
Climate Change and Foreign Policy: An exploration of options for greater integrationClimate change is one of the greatest challenges of this century. Increasing evidence of the... -
Which Way Forward? - Issues in developing an effective climate regime after 2012A post-2012 climate change regime will need to balance the diverse needs of all countries while... -
International Investment Agreements and Sustainable Development: Achieving the Millennium Development GoalsThis paper starts from the framework of the Millennium Development Goals, ... -
Environmental Health and International TradeThis paper is aimed at fleshing out the various linkages that exist between trade policy (broadly... -
Climate Change and Competitiveness: A Survey of the IssuesFrom the outset, the Kyoto Protocol and the UNFCCC have had to contend with perceived tension... -
Sober Reflection: Considering the Rush to RegionalismThis paper asks whether the rush to regionalism in international trade and investment benefits... -
Realizing the Development Dividend: Making the CDM Work for Developing Countries (Phase I Report) - Executive SummaryThe CDM has a host of objectives not directly related to climate ... -
Realizing the Development Dividend: Making the CDM Work for Developing Countries (Phase I Report)The CDM has a host of objectives not directly related to climate ... -
IISD Model International Agreement on Investment for Sustainable Development - Negotiators' HandbookThe current model for International Investment Agreements (IIAs) was developed 50 years ago in a... -
IISD Model International Agreement on Investment for Sustainable DevelopmentThe current model for International Investment Agreements (IIAs) was developed 50 years ago in a... -
Advancing Sustainable Development in Canada: Policy issues and research needsIn March 2003, the Government of Canada's Policy Research Initiative (PRI) commissioned the... -
The Rush to Regionalism: Sustainable Development and Regional/Bilateral Approaches to Trade and Investment LiberalizationThis paper aims to set out the issues of importance in addressing the links ... -
Comments on ICSID Discussion Paper, "Possible Improvements of the Framework for ICSID Arbitration"IISD's Investment and Sustainable Development team has responded to a call for comments by the... -
A Nordic Research Agenda on Environment and TradeThis paper builds on a previous effort to craft a new research agenda on environment and trade:... -
State of Trade and Environment Research: Building a New Research AgendaThis paper sets out a new research agenda on the issues of trade and environment. Based on a... -
A Capabilities Approach to Trade and Sustainable Development: Using Sen's Conception of Development to Re-examine the DebatesThis paper takes the thinking of Nobel laureate Amartya Sen and uses it to fashion a... -
Lessons Learned on Trade and Sustainable DevelopmentThis book distills the lessons from six years of research undertaken by and for the Trade... -
Investment and Sustainable Development: A Guide to the Use and Potential of International Investment AgreementsThis book looks at the role international investment agreements have, and might have, in... -
New Views of Trade and Sustainable Development: Using Sen's Conception of Development to Re-examine the Debates - Full ReportThis paper argues that the current trade and sustainable development debates use a concept of... -
Taking the Doha Language Seriously: The WTO as if Sustainable Development Really MatteredThis paper, written for the Royal Institute of International Affairs conference: Sustainable... -
Miami FTAA Results a Complete WashIn November 2003, 34 Trade Ministers from the western hemisphere gathered in Miami, Florida, to... -
Foreign Investment: Making it Work for Sustainable DevelopmentThis paper, written for the IISD Eastern Europe project's capacity building workshops, defines... -
NAFTA's Chapter 11 and the Environment: A Briefing Paper for the CEC's Joint Public Advisory CommitteeThis paper, commissioned by the Joint Public Advisory Committee of the Commission for... -
Investment, Doha and the WTOThis paper served as background to the IISD-RIIA Chatham House experts' meeting on investment,... -
NAFTA's Chapter 11 and the Environment: A Discussion Paper for the CEC's Public Workshop on NAFTA's Chapter 11This paper, commissioned by the Joint Public Advisory Committee of the Commission for... -
The Kyoto Protocol and the WTOThis note is based on presentations and discussion at a seminar on The Kyoto Protocol and the WTO... -
Economy Report: Canada Trade and Environment Policy and PracticeThe government of Canada's perspectives on the issues of trade and environment need to be... -
A Forced Evolution? - The Codex Alimentarius Commission, Scientific Uncertainty and the Precautionary PrincipleOnce upon a time, the Codex Alimentarius Commission was an obscure scientific ... -
Note on NAFTA Commission's July 31, 2001, Initiative to Clarify Chapter 11 Investment ProvisionsOn July 31 2001, the Trade Ministers of Canada, the United States and Mexico (the North American... -
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety: An Analysis on ResultsAnswers the following questions: How strong is the resulting Cartagena Protocol? ... -
Beyond Regulation: Exporters and VoluntaryThis book is designed to help policy makers, exporters, environment managers and representatives... -
Trade and Sustainable Development: A Survey of the Issues and a New Research AgendaTrade agreements are now becoming a very important element in the transition towards sustainable...
